Prepare the Pasta Water: Fill a large stockpot halfway with water—around 3 quarts—and bring it to a vigorous boil over high heat. Once boiling, add about 2 tablespoons of fine sea salt to season the water generously. This step is crucial for flavorful pasta.
Infuse Butter with Pepper: While the water heats, place the butter in a spacious nonstick sauté pan over medium heat. Once the butter begins to melt, add the freshly cracked black pepper. Stir and let it toast gently for about 30 seconds, releasing its aroma and flavor. After that, immediately remove the pan from heat to avoid burning the pepper.
Cook Pasta to Al Dente: Add the pasta to the boiling salted water and cook it until just al dente—firm to the bite but fully cooked—stirring occasionally to prevent sticking. This usually takes around 8-10 minutes, depending on your pasta choice.
Combine Pasta with Sauce: Using tongs, transfer the cooked pasta straight from the pot into the sauté pan with the melted butter and pepper. Reserve about 1/3 cup of the starchy pasta water from the pot before draining. Add this reserved water to the pan and toss everything quickly to coat the pasta evenly.
Incorporate Cheese Gradually: Sprinkle half of the grated Pecorino Romano cheese over the pasta and toss briefly. Then add the remaining cheese, continuing to toss and stir while adding a splash of the reserved pasta water if needed. This helps the cheese melt smoothly, creating a creamy, glossy sauce that clings perfectly to each strand.
Serve Immediately: Plate the pasta while it’s hot, adding an extra crack of black pepper and a sprinkle of Pecorino cheese on top if you like. Cacio e Pepe is best enjoyed fresh from the pan to savor its creamy texture and bold flavors.