Sauté the Aromatics: In a large heavy-bottomed pot or Dutch oven, heat the olive oil over medium heat. Add the diced onion, chopped carrots, and sliced celery. Sprinkle with 1 teaspoon of sea salt and grind in some black pepper. Stir occasionally, cooking the vegetables gently for about 8 minutes, until they begin to soften and become fragrant.
Build the Flavor Base: Add the grated garlic to the softened vegetables and cook for another 1-2 minutes, stirring constantly, so the garlic releases its aroma without burning. Pour in the canned diced tomatoes along with their juices, then add the rinsed beans, chopped green beans, and vegetable broth.
Season and Simmer: Toss in the bay leaves, dried oregano, and dried thyme. Stir everything to combine, then bring the soup to a gentle boil. Reduce the heat to low, cover, and let it simmer for 20 minutes to allow the flavors to meld and the vegetables to become tender.
Cook the Pasta: Remove the lid and stir in the small pasta shapes. Continue cooking the soup uncovered for about 10 minutes, or until the pasta is al dente and cooked through. Stir occasionally to prevent sticking.
Final Touches and Serve: Discard the bay leaves and taste the soup, adjusting salt and pepper as needed. Ladle the soup into bowls and garnish with chopped fresh parsley. If you like a bit of spice, sprinkle some red pepper flakes on top. For a richer finish, serve with grated Parmesan cheese on the side