Prepare Edamame and Noodles: Bring a large pot of water to a boil. Cook the frozen shelled edamame according to the package instructions or simply thaw them in warm water until no longer frozen. Drain well. Meanwhile, cook the rice noodles following the package directions. Once cooked, drain thoroughly and toss lightly with a drizzle of toasted sesame oil to keep them from sticking.
Whisk Together the Peanut Sauce: In a medium bowl, combine the creamy peanut butter, grated garlic, tamarind paste, lime zest, tamari, chili-garlic sauce, coconut sugar, ground coriander, and cinnamon. Whisk until smooth and creamy, adding a tablespoon of water to loosen the sauce if necessary. Adjust the seasoning to your taste—more tamari for saltiness, more sugar for sweetness, or extra lime juice or tamarind for tang.
Prepare Vegetables and Herbs: Thinly shred the red cabbage and grate the carrots using a mandoline slicer, box grater, or food processor. Roughly chop the cilantro leaves and tender stems. Set all vegetables aside in a large mixing bowl.
Crisp the Tempeh Nuggets: Using your hands, crumble the tempeh into very small pieces, about the size of pine nuts. Heat the oil in a large nonstick skillet or wok over medium-high heat until shimmering. Add the tempeh in a single layer and let it cook undisturbed for 2 minutes. Stir and continue cooking, stirring every 1.5 to 2 minutes, until the tempeh pieces turn golden brown and crisp, about 10 to 12 minutes total. Remove the tempeh with a slotted spoon and place on paper towels to drain. Season lightly with kosher salt.
Make the Noodle Dressing: In a jar or bowl, combine the freshly squeezed lime juice, tamari, and agave nectar. Shake or whisk well. Set aside 1½ tablespoons of this dressing in a separate bowl. To the remaining dressing, stir in the toasted sesame oil and sesame seeds.
Toss the Tempeh with Dressing: Once the tempeh has cooled slightly, transfer it into the reserved 1½ tablespoons of noodle dressing to lightly coat the crispy nuggets.
Assemble the Noodle Salad: Add the cooked rice noodles to the bowl with the shredded cabbage, grated carrots, and chopped cilantro. Pour the noodle dressing over the top and gently toss with tongs until everything is evenly coated. Fold in the dressed tempeh nuggets and the cooked edamame. Toss again gently to combine.
Serve with Peanut Sauce: Divide the noodle salad among four bowls. Spoon a generous dollop of the peanut sauce over each serving. For those who like extra heat, add a drizzle of chili sauce on top.